Abstract The exploration of natural materials for the production of nanoparticles against parasites is currently of particular interest due to its ecofriendly nature. In this study, we described the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles derived from methanolic garlic extract. Infrared spectroscopy and GC-Mass spectrometry were used to screen the phytochemical composition of garlic and figure out how much of active components. In this study, Allium sativum extract (ASE) and ASE loaded in silver nanoparticles (Bio-AgNPs) were used to treat helminthiasis in vitro. Three doses of ASE (100, 50 and 25 mg/mL) and three doses of Bio-AgNPs (1, 0.5 and 0.25 mg/mL) were used to study the anthelmintic activity using the earthworm, Allolobophora caliginosa. Also, Albendazole was used as a reference drug. The Bio-AgNPs exhibits IC50 of 3.2 µg/mL which indicates their lower toxicity in normal cell lines. The phytochemical screening using GC mass showed the presence of many active compounds with medicinal activities. Both ASE and Bio-AgNPs posses’ anthelmintic activities by inducing paralysis and death in a time dependent manner when compared to the reference drug, Albendazole. Collectively, nanosilver manufactured from A. sativum extract properly functions as an anthelmintic agent and can quickly and dose-dependently kill worms.

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar os casos de acidentes de transporte terrestre nas macrorregiões do município de São Paulo nos anos de 2005, 2010 e 2015. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de base populacional, longitudinal e retrospectivo de séries temporais, embasado em um levantamento quantitativo dos acidentes de transporte terrestres ocorridos no município de São Paulo nos anos de 2005, 2010 e 2015, utilizando dados provenientes do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Resultados: Um total de 1.343, 1.567 e 1.088 óbitos por acidente foram registrados para a população do município nos anos de 2005, 2010 e 2015, respectivamente. A maior ocorrência se deu nas faixas etárias de 15 a 24 anos e 24 a 34 anos. O maior número de mortes por acidentes se deu no sexo masculino. As taxas de mortalidade observadas nas macrorregiões foram: Sul (23,8%), Leste (22%), Norte (21,6%), Oeste (7,1%) e Centro (3%). Comparando-se períodos, houve queda nos coeficientes padronizados de mortalidade geral por 100 mil habitantes na maioria das macrorregiões. Conclusão: Apesar da queda na mortalidade geral dos acidentes na maioria das macrorregiões, ela ainda merece atenção e foco em ações de trânsito preventivas direcionadas aos jovens do sexo masculino que residem em bairros periféricos, pois representam o grupo mais suscetível. Nível II - Estudo prognóstico - Investigação do efeito de características de um paciente sobre o desfecho da doença. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo retrospectivo.

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize cases of land transport accidents in the macro-regions of city of São Paulo in 2005, 2010, and 2015. Methods: This is a population-based, longitudinal and retrospective study of time series, based on a quantitative survey of land transport accidents that occurred in the city of São Paulo in 2005, 2010 and 2015 using data from the Mortality Information System of the City of São Paulo. Results: A total of 1,343, 1,567 and 1,088 deaths by accident recorded in the city’ population in the years 2005, 2010 and 2015 respectively. The highest occurrences were in the age groups 15 to 24 years and 24 to 34 years. The highest number of deaths due to accidents was among males. The mortality rates observed in the macro-regions were South (23.8%), East (22%), North (21.6%), West (7.1%), and Center (3%). In comparing the years examined, there was a decline in the mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants in most macro-regions. Conclusion: Despite the decrease in overall accident mortality in most macro-regions, it still deserves attention on preventive traffic actions focused on young males living in peripheral neighborhoods, since they represent the most susceptible group. Level of evidence II; Retrospective Study.

Abstract Human scabies affects all social classes and different races around the world. It is highly contagious, but the exact figures on its prevalence are unknown. A 19-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room reporting fever (38°C) and multiple lesions throughout the body, except face, soles, and palms. Lesions were non-pruritic, which hampered the initial diagnostic suspicion. Skin biopsy was performed, and the final diagnosis was crusted scabies (Norwegian). It was concluded that human scabies is a significant epidemic disease, due to its different clinical manifestations, and because it is extremely contagious.